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| virology:b:bipolaris [2026/08/23 21:38] – vaugith | virology:b:bipolaris [2026/08/23 21:52] (current) – vaugith |
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| ====== Bipolaris ====== | ====== Bipolaris ====== |
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| | **Examples of early stage:** |
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| | {{virology:b:media:bipolaris:bipolaris1.webp?400}} |
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| {{virology:b:media:bipolaris:38b8f39125ce3740.jpg?400}} | {{virology:b:media:bipolaris:38b8f39125ce3740.jpg?400}} |
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| ===== Description ===== | ===== Description ===== |
| Bipolaris tip rot is a highly destructive fungal disease caused by the pathogen //Bipolaris cactivora// that primarily targets the growing tips (apices) of Trichocereus cacti. | Bipolaris manifests physically at the tip of columns in the following stages: |
| | * **Initial Stage:** When it first presents, the epidermis color of the affected area turns deep purple without a raised blister, and can have weeping black ooze. |
| The disease manifests physically at the apex of the plant: | |
| * **Initial Stage:** It presents as a wet, "black goopy mess" (often referred to as "weeping black rot"). The epidermis color of the affected area turns deep purple without a raised blister, and can have weeping black ooze. | |
| * **Progression:** As the infection runs its course or dries out, the affected tissue turns deep black, crusts over, and begins to sporulate. | * **Progression:** As the infection runs its course or dries out, the affected tissue turns deep black, crusts over, and begins to sporulate. |
| * **Growth Arrest:** The rib structure at the tip is typically destroyed or severely distorted, leading to arrested growth. If the plant survives, it walls off the infection, resulting in a scarred, grey apex from which new ribs and growth tips (offsets) may eventually emerge. | * **Growth Arrest:** The tip is typically destroyed or severely damaged, leading to a terminated tip. If the plant survives, it walls off the infection, resulting in a scarred apex from which pups may eventually emerge, or not. |
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| =====Origin ===== | =====Origin ===== |
| Bipolaris tip rot is caused by the fungal pathogen //Bipolaris cactivora//. It is active in warm, humid summer weather with cycles of wet and dry soil. Outbreaks are also associated with seasonal transitions, high rainfall, and sudden cold snaps. It is often confused with other top-down fungal pathogens like //Fusarium proliferatum// and //Neocosmospora//, or bacterial wet rot (such as //Erwinia carotovora//). | Bipolaris is caused by the fungal pathogen //Bipolaris cactivora//. It is active in warm, humid summer weather with cycles of wet and dry soil. Outbreaks are also associated with seasonal transitions, high rainfall, and sudden cold snaps. It is often confused with other top-down fungal pathogens like //Fusarium proliferatum// and //Neocosmospora//, or bacterial wet rot (such as //Erwinia carotovora//). |
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| ===== Cultivation Notes ===== | ===== Cultivation Notes ===== |
