Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- virology:m:mosaic_virus [2026/06/29 08:36] – Promoted after review (cloned virology, first run) clonebot
+++ virology:m:mosaic_virus [2026/07/03 03:37] (current) – gate discussion/citations/confidence/credibility sections to trusted groups clonebot
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== mosaic virus ======
+> ⚙️ **Auto-generated, pending human review.** This page was compiled automatically by a bot from community discussions and has **not yet been verified by an editor**; details may be imperfect and corrections are welcome. //Editors: delete this line once you have reviewed the page.//
+====== Mosaic Virus ======
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:649ead2a6732051a.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:a2a394101d37e1ec.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:d51096f521e073db.jpg?400}}
 {{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:092d5e52ff8148ec.jpg?400}}
 {{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:128bde4c61c67098.jpg?400}}
 {{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:365285a7c44512be.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:0394a739c48fa402.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:5b88ad5eef0ff471.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:636ec51aa01bd5c4.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:6e0d2f192f813912.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:8d3bf1942aa96561.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:abd83ace46ccb345.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:v:media:viral_expression:d06659f2e44182d8.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:124eefb34e6e3925.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:268614473d04dbe5.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:d0139a2c19a8eaa7.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:d0c2469686304aab.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:5fc66a4e3c410569.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:a6cfcc82ea82691e.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:01dc11353ed73bdd.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:053436af5129392c.jpg?400}}
+{{virology:m:media:mosaic_virus:eb94e89c0f3c31d2.jpg?400}}
-===== Overview =====
+===== Description =====
-Mosaic virus in cacti is a viral condition characterized by splotchy, irregular chlorotic patterns on the plant's epidermis. It is a systemic infection that often remains latent within the plant's tissue until triggered by environmental or physiological stress. While it is widely recognized in certain collectible clones, it is frequently confused by growers with nutrient imbalances or fungal pathogens.
+Mosaic Virus in *Trichocereus* refers to a group of viral infections that manifest as distinctive chlorotic patterning on the plant's epidermis. The virus does not alter the genetic rib count, spine length, spine color, or the underlying glaucous green color of the host cactus, but it causes localized disruptions in chlorophyll production.
-===== Symptoms & Identification =====
-* **Visual Signs:** Characterized by light green, yellow, or whitish splotches and mosaic-like patterning across the skin of the cactus.
-* **Cultivar Susceptibility:** Highly prevalent in certain California *Trichocereus pachanoi* clones, most notably the 'Landfill' clone, which community members note frequently carries the virus.
-* **Triggers:** The symptoms typically manifest when the host plant undergoes stress, such as sudden temperature fluctuations, rapid increases in UV exposure, or pH and nutrient imbalances.
-* **Common Misidentifications:** Often confused with sucker bug damage, nutrient deficiencies, or fungal infections.
-===== Cause & Spread =====
+Symptoms present as light yellow splotches, swirly mosaic-like patterns, crescent moons, empty circles, figure-eight shapes, or concentric rings. These markings typically appear on the flat surfaces of the ribs and near the areoles. In advanced stages, the affected areas can progress to necrotic black and brown scarring and open wounds. The virus remains permanently in the plant's vascular system and sap, though it is often latent and asymptomatic until triggered by external factors.
-The primary suspected pathogen is Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) or a closely related mosaic virus strain. The virus is systemic and persistent within the plant's vascular system. It is commonly spread through vegetative propagation (cuttings from infected mother plants) and can remain asymptomatic for long periods. Environmental stressors, rather than the introduction of the pathogen itself, cause the latent virus to express visible symptoms.
-===== Treatment & Management =====
+===== History & Origin =====
-There is no chemical cure for viral infections in cacti. Management relies entirely on preventative care and stress reduction:
+The precise origin and introduction of mosaic viruses into *Trichocereus* cultivation remain undocumented. However, there is a strong consensus within the community that these viral pathogens are "pre-loaded" or latent in several historic cultivars. The most notable host is the *Trichocereus pachanoi* clone 'Landfill', alongside a broader suite of established California *pachanoi* clones. The primary suspected pathogens are members of the *Tobamovirus* family (such as Tobacco Mosaic Virus / TMV) or Sammons' Opuntia Virus (Ringspot), the latter of which is historically associated with *Opuntia* species but appears capable of expressing in other cacti genera.
-* **Environmental Stability:** Avoid sudden exposure to intense UV light or drastic temperature shifts.
-* **Nutritional Balance:** Maintain consistent pH levels and avoid over-fertilization, which can stress the plant and trigger viral expression.
-* **Differential Treatment:** If the symptoms are suspected to be fungal rather than viral (particularly in seedling trays), growers recommend treating with phosphorous acid or Mancozeb, and reducing moisture in organic soil mixes to correct bacterial and fungal imbalances.
-*Note: The community authority, Gee Bee, did not participate in this discussion.*
+===== Cultivation Notes =====
+Because there is no known cure for viral infections in cacti, management focuses on minimizing symptom expression and preventing transmission:
+* **Stress Mitigation:** Symptoms are typically triggered by environmental stressors. Growers should avoid sudden transitions in UV exposure (e.g., moving plants directly from overcast conditions to intense summer sun) and provide adequate shade cloth. Protecting plants from extreme temperature fluctuations and sudden soil pH shifts (often caused by heavy rainfall) is also recommended.
+* **Nutritional Support:** Maintaining a robust fertilization schedule helps the host plant suppress viral replication. A recommended regimen to address potential deficiencies includes top-dressing with granulated gypsum and azomite, supplemented with a balanced 10-10-10 fertilizer, Cal/Mag, fish emulsion, and kelp extract.
+* **Biosecurity & Quarantine:** The virus is highly contagious via sap transmission. Infected specimens should be isolated. Growers must avoid sharing water reservoirs or allowing runoff to splash between pots. Tools used for cutting or grafting must be thoroughly sterilized between plants.
+* **Differential Diagnosis:** If the symptoms are determined to be fungal (such as Anthracnose or Phoma) rather than viral, the application of phosphorous acid and/or mancozeb is recommended. Sucker bug and thrips damage can also mimic viral patterns; appropriate pest control should be applied if pests are detected.
-===== Reported Cases =====
+<ifauth @trusted_grower,@admin>
-//Community examples - the photos above belong to these reporters; credit them.//
+===== Community Discussion & Citations =====
+//Analysis of the discussion.//
-^ Date ^ Reporter ^ Diagnosed by ^ Confidence ^ Key note / quote ^
+^ Date ^ Speaker ^ Key Insight/Quote ^
-| 2026-06-08 | Robby Lapp | Chris Cosby & Nick Fotinakes | 7 | "I see this in a suite of Cali pachs. It's not just landfill ime. They all carry mosaic viruses and they show up at various times throughout the year for me" — Chris Cosby |
+| 2026-01-26 | Chris Carfoot | "yep , looks like it mate" |
-| 2026-06-08 | Nick Fotinakes | Nick Fotinakes | 7 | "I think landfill is known to have tmv/present splotches like this when stressed. Heres a small cutting of mine showing similar." |
+| 2026-01-26 | Daryl Lee DeWeese Jr. | "Mine with tmv were a step advanced then that...it would get those then black and brown scarring and wounds" |
+| 2026-03-02 | Jesse Joseph Scrabonia | "Looks like vitamin deficiency to me, although it’s does look nearly like TMV. The tell tale sign of TMV are crescent moons and empty circles..." |
+| 2026-03-02 | Arik Skromme | "I believe its treated with proper fertilizer, water etc. Healthy plants may not display the tobomovirus. May or may not be TMV either." |
+| 2026-04-13 | Kyle Moxie | "That actually looks like Sammons Opuntia Virus (Ringspot)... light yellow, often concentric rings on cactus pads or stems." |
+| 2026-04-13 | Oriole Gardens | "Looks like the start of anthracnose imo... or phoma... it's looking fungal." |
+| 2026-05-25 | Frits Potgieter | "Mosiac virus, i have a tricho with it, hasn't spread to anything around it in over 7 years... keep it around, most prob wont kill it" |
+| 2026-06-08 | Chris Cosby | "I see this in a suite of Cali pachs. It's not just landfill ime. They all carry mosaic viruses and they show up at various times throughout the year for me" |
+| 2026-06-08 | Julian Friedman | "Landfill is known for this viral expression, I have a cut of Landfill that is covered in these spots exacerbated by stress, PH changes and temperature fluctuations" |
+| 2026-06-08 | Matt Heite | "You have a fungal disease spreading through your seedling tray, most likely through moist organic soil and run off." |
+| 2026-06-08 | Nick Fotinakes | "I think landfill is known to have tmv/present splotches like this when stressed." |
+| 2026-06-08 | Robby Lapp | "Ok now it has appeared on a couple other cultivars. Predominantly to the south so I am leaning towards it being Sun Stress after being overcast for days and then blasted with Florida (almost summer) Sun." |
+| 2026-06-15 | Andrew Vaught | "The issue on your landfill is unrelated - it is an expression of stress, likely from a combination of factors including sudden tempurature and UV increase..." |
-===== Notes & Contradictions =====
+===== Contributor Confidence =====
-A significant disagreement exists regarding the role of nutrients in these symptoms. The grower, Robby Lapp, strongly asserts that the splotching is a direct result of nutrient application ("I'm here to tell you it's from nutes").
+//Visible to trusted reviewers only.//
-However, this is disputed by multiple experienced community members:
+^ Contributor ^ Confidence ^
-* **Chris Cosby** notes that "correlation doesn't equal causation" and attributes the markings to latent mosaic viruses common in California pachanoi clones.
+| Chris Carfoot | 6/10 |
-* **Andrew Vaught** argues that the symptoms are not nutrient burn, but rather a stress expression triggered by a combination of sudden temperature/UV increases and pH imbalances.
+| Daryl Lee DeWeese Jr. | 7/10 |
-* **Matt Heite** suggests that heavy feeding does not cause the issue directly, but rather "feeds the problem," pushing latent fungal or bacterial imbalances to the surface.
+| Jesse Joseph Scrabonia | 7/10 |
+| Arik Skromme | 7/10 |
+| Kyle Moxie | 7/10 |
+| Oriole Gardens | 6/10 |
+| Frits Potgieter | 7/10 |
+| Chris Cosby | 8/10 |
+| Julian Friedman | 7/10 |
+| Matt Heite | 7/10 |
+| Nick Fotinakes | 6/10 |
+| Robby Lapp | 6/10 |
+| Andrew Vaught | 7/10 |
-Gee Bee did not participate in this thread to resolve the contradiction.
-===== References =====
+===== Credibility Notes =====
-* **Contributors:** Christopher Mills, Chris Cosby, Robby Lapp, Nick Fotinakes, Matt Heite, Andrew Vaught.
+* **Chris Cosby:** Rated highly due to extensive experience with California *pachanoi* cultivars, consistent observations of latent viral expressions, and broad agreement from the community.
-* **Photo Credits:** Robby Lapp.
+* **Andrew Vaught, Matt Heite, & Jesse Joseph Scrabonia:** Provided detailed, diagnostic explanations distinguishing viral symptoms from fungal infections, nutrient deficiencies, and environmental shock.
+* **Kyle Moxie & Arik Skromme:** Offered specific botanical and virological context (Sammons' Opuntia Virus, Tobamoviruses) and referenced professional diagnostic testing resources (Agdia).
+* **Frits Potgieter & Daryl Lee DeWeese Jr.:** Provided valuable long-term observational data regarding viral progression, transmission rates, and the futility of trying to propagate clean cuttings from infected hosts.
+* **Robby Lapp & Chris Carfoot:** Offered direct observations of environmental and pest interactions, though their conclusions regarding nutrient-only causes remain subject to community debate.
+* **Oriole Gardens:** Provided a specific alternative fungal diagnosis (anthracnose or phoma) supported by other community members.
+* **Nick Fotinakes:** Confirmed the common association of the 'Landfill' clone expressing TMV-like symptoms under stress.
+</ifauth>